Jyotisha calculation guide
Graha Drishti explained
ग्रह दृष्टि
A directed whole-sign relationship cast by a graha to specific rashis or houses.
Calculate full Parashari Graha Drishti by inclusive whole-sign count, including the universal 7th and special aspects of Mars, Jupiter, and Saturn.
Key 1Graha Drishti is directional: Mars aspecting Saturn does not automatically mean Saturn aspects Mars.
Key 2All seven classical grahas cast a full 7th aspect; Mars also casts the 4th and 8th, Jupiter the 5th and 9th, and Saturn the 3rd and 10th.
Key 3Samvat does not make Rahu or Ketu cast Graha Drishti in this declared convention, though the nodes can receive an aspect.
How whole-sign counting works
Count the graha rashi as 1, the next rashi as 2, and continue around the zodiac. The opposite rashi is therefore the 7th. This inclusive count is the evidence behind the aspect number shown in a Kundli.
The calculation uses sidereal rashi positions, not a degree orb. Two grahas anywhere in the relevant source and target rashis satisfy the full whole-sign aspect rule implemented here.
Universal and special aspects
The Sun, Moon, Mercury, and Venus cast the full 7th aspect. Mars casts the 4th, 7th, and 8th; Jupiter casts the 5th, 7th, and 9th; Saturn casts the 3rd, 7th, and 10th.
A special aspect is not a second calculation system. It is an additional full house count assigned to Mars, Jupiter, or Saturn under the same directed Graha Drishti rule.
What this calculation does not include
Graha Drishti is separate from same-rashi conjunction, Jaimini Rashi Drishti, fractional Drik Bala, combustion, planetary war, and outcome interpretation.
Keeping these systems separate makes the result auditable: each displayed relationship answers which graha casts, which graha or house receives, and which full aspect number matched.
Worked Graha Drishti calculation
The aspect number is an inclusive rashi distance from the casting graha to the target.
Formulaaspect number = ((target rashi - source rashi + 12) mod 12) + 1
- 1Place Mars in Vrishabha, rashi 2, and a target graha in Simha, rashi 5.
- 2The inclusive count from Vrishabha to Simha is 4.
- 3Mars has a full special 4th aspect, so the directed Mars-to-target relationship is present.
- 4Reverse the direction before making any reciprocal claim; the target graha follows its own aspect set.
Samvat retains the source and target longitudes, rashi numbers, aspect number, and rule ID with every derived Drishti fact.
Traditional sources
The encoded rules are tied to these cited passages.
Practical examples
Use these as working patterns when reading Panchang details or planning around Hindu dates.
ExampleReading a directed relationship
The chart details table says Jupiter casts a 9th Drishti to Mercury.
- 1.Locate Jupiter and Mercury in their sidereal rashis.
- 2.Count Mercury as the 9th rashi from Jupiter using inclusive counting.
- 3.Check Jupiter rule set: the 5th, 7th, and 9th are full aspects.
The table statement can be reconstructed from visible chart positions and one declared rule.
ExampleDistinguishing aspect from conjunction
Two grahas occupy the same rashi.
- 1.The same-rashi count is 1, so it is not the universal 7th aspect.
- 2.Record the shared-rashi relationship separately.
- 3.Do not label the conjunction as Graha Drishti.
The chart keeps two different structural relationships from being merged into one label.
A rule should remain inspectable
A useful calculation does not stop at saying that an aspect exists. It preserves the two positions, direction, count, and traditional rule that produced the statement.
Samvat reports that structure without turning it into a personal prediction.
What is Graha Drishti?
Graha Drishti is a directed planetary aspect calculated from the rashi occupied by the casting graha to specified target rashis or houses.
Which full aspects does Mars cast?
Under the full Parashari convention used by Samvat, Mars casts the 4th, 7th, and 8th aspects by inclusive whole-sign count.
Do Rahu and Ketu cast aspects in Samvat?
No. Samvat declares a convention in which Rahu and Ketu can receive Graha Drishti but do not cast it. Other traditions may use a different node convention.
Is a same-rashi conjunction the same as Graha Drishti?
No. Samvat records grahas in the same sidereal rashi as a shared-rashi relationship and calculates Graha Drishti separately.